135Appendix A: Proposal Preparation
Service Oriented
Analytical services (such as a management consulting study, design of a building
by an architect, or design of a road by a consulting engineer) will vary from client
to client and from project to project, as the scope and size of the project changes.
In these situations, the key challenge is to dene the hours required to complete the
engagement and the associated expenses to be incurred (e.g., travel, report produc-
tion, ofce/ technical support).
Standard Billing Rates
The rst step in preparing a cost proposal for a service is to develop standard billing
rates, or a range of standard rates, for various classications of professional staff.
These hourly or daily rates must fully recover