Chapter 12Shape-Memory Materials
Koichiro Uto
International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
12.1 Introduction
Mother Nature displays numerous examples of materials that can autonomously change their shape in response to external stimuli. Examples include the conifer pinecone and the wheat awn, in which the hydration-dictated microscopic change in the fibril orientation governs the macroscopic close–open shape transition [1]. These kind of materials are often referred to as shape-changing materials, and this stimuli-responsive shape change of materials is essential for the survival of such plants and other living organisms.
Shape-memory systems represent ...
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