Binary Number System

The binary number system, used heavily in computer systems, is another way to count. The binary system is less complicated than the decimal system because it has only two digits, a zero (0) and a one (1). A computer represents a binary value with an electronic switch known as a transistor. If the switch is on, it allows current to flow through a wire or metal trace to represent a binary value of one (1). If the switch is off, it does not allow current to flow through a wire, representing a value of zero (0). See Table A.2. The on switch is also referred to as a high signal, whereas the off switch is referred to as a low signal.

Table A.2. One-Digit Binary Number

If you use two wires to represent data, the first ...

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