
72-1
72.1 Introduction
e marine environment has been aected by growing population and industrial pressures in the coastal
zone. Activities such as dumping of waste, construction of harbors, dredging, and extraction processes
al
l
co
ntribute
to ch
anges
in en
vironmental
qu
ality
. In or
der
to as
sess
th
e
im
pacts
of th
ese
ac
tivities
an
d
in
stigate
ap
propriate
re
medial
ac
tions
wh
ere
ne
eded,
it is ne
cessary
to mo
nitor
a wi
de
ra
nge
of
pr
operties
(i.e., bi
ological,
ch
emical,
an
d
ph
ysical)
of th
e
ma
rine
en
vironment
. Re
cently,
su
ch
mo
nitor-
ing
ac
tivities
ar
e
be
coming
ha
rmonized
wi
thin
re
gulatory
fr
ameworks
an
d
in
ternational
ag
reements
(e.g., wi
thin
th