
7-21Needle-Type Environmental Sensors
(e.g., oxygen, phosphate) or nitrogen cycling occurs. e sensor techniques can be extended to in-eld
in
tegrated
wa
ter
qu
ality
mo
nitoring
sy
stems
(e.g., mo
nitoring
of gl
obal
cl
imate
ch
ange
an
d
eu
tro-
phication
co
ntrol)
ov
er
a la
rge
ar
ea,
pr
oviding
re
al-time
wa
ter
qu
ality
da
ta
by co
mbining
wi
th
ge
o-
graphic
in
formation
sy
stem
(G
IS)
te
chnology
.
7.12 Outlook of Needle-Type Environmental Sensors
Needle-type environmental microsensors have been used to monitor environmental conditions and
co
ntaminant
pr
oles
in sit
u
in va
rious
en
vironmental
sa
mples
(e.g., bi
olm,
po
re
wa
ter,
an
d
se
diments)
.
e
ir
us
e
fo
r
pr
otection ...