
563Microwave Diodes
capacitor. The output circuit which does not require external excitation is
called idler circuit. If a resistive load is connected across the terminals of idler
circuit an output voltage can be generated across load at output frequency f
0
.
Output frequency f
0
of idler circuit is expressed as
f
0
= mf
s
± nf
p
, (13.66)
where m, n = 0, 1, 2, … ,∞.
If f
0
> f
s
the device is called a parametric up converter (PUC) and if f
0
< f
s
it
is called parametric down converter (PDC).
13.7.3.1 Parametric Up Converter
As given in Section 13.7.2 in this case f
0
(>f
s
) is given by f
0
= mf
s
+ nf
p
and there
is no power ow in parametric device at ...