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8
Scattering Parameters
8.1 Introduction
The scattering (or s) parameters are members of a family of parameters, which
include Y, Z, h, g, T and ABCD parameters. At low frequencies, voltages and
currents are measurable quantities and the characteristics of a network can be
easily described in terms of Z and Y parameters. For the analysis of power fre-
quency transmission lines, ABCD parameters are found to be more convenient.
In case of high-frequency electronic circuits, hybrid (h and g) parameters are
often used to characterise the behaviour of transistors. At UHF and above (gen-
erally beyond 1 GHz), the measurement of voltage (V) and curren ...