Chapter 10Control of Wind Farm Clusters
Yan Li1, Ningbo Wang2, Linjun Wei1 and Qiang Zhou2
1China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing, China
2Gansu Electric Power Corporation Wind Power Technology Center, Gansu, China
10.1 Introduction
Due to the high intermittence of active power production of large wind farms, the integration of large scale wind power may cause a series of problems, such as the fluctuating power grid voltage, transmitted power exceeding set limits, increases of system short circuit capacity, and changes in system transient stability.
Normally, wind turbines (WTs) in wind farms try to maximize active power production. To handle the intermittency of wind power and balance the power system, sufficient spinning reserves have to be put in place. With the increase of installed wind power capacity, the reserve capacity of the power system also needs to increase. This not only leads to cost increases, but also to a decrease in system power generation efficiency. Therefore, control strategies have been developed to smooth the active power output by using the rotational inertia of the WTs and pitch control. The intention is to establish a centralized power control mode based on the correlation of wind farms.
Another problem brought about by the grid integration of wind farms is the decrease of the system inertia and the deterioration of the frequency characteristic of the system. With conventional power plants replaced by wind farms, the rotational inertia of ...