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“K16304” — 2012/11/19 — 9:15
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86
Support of Node Mobility between Networks
Gateway
GSN
Mobile User
Network 1
Gateway
Network 2
POWERFAULT DATA ALARM
IP Network
Serving
GSN
Loose
Coupling
Figure 3.2 Integrated heterogeneous networks (loosely coupled).
the CN as normal. Such asymmetric routing mechanism leads to a “triangle routing”
problem, where the un-optimal delivery of the incoming packets will incur heavy
data transmission cost along with long packet delivery time. In Perkins and Johnson
2001, CN will cache the CoA of the MN and directly tunnel the packets to MN. The
cache will be updated when receiving update messages from the HA of the home
network. ...