Multiscale Modeling for Process Safety Applications

3.11. Nanotoxicity

Nanoparticles are commonly being employed in a variety of industries including electronics, solar, pharmacy, catalysis, space engineering, and cosmetic. However, with great advancement in this area, as illustrated in the last couple of decades, understanding of nanotoxicity has become a matter of significant importance. As an example, for carbon-based nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotube (CNT), it has been shown that the manufacturing, use, and disposal of these poses the highest risk of exposure to skin, eyes, and lungs (Kayat et al., 2011; Hoet et al., 2004). In addition to being exposed to nanoparticles, emerging nanomedicine–based research requires one to ensure the safety of the same. As an example, it has been shown ...