November 2023
Intermediate to advanced
192 pages
3h 29m
English
A central question in quantum computing is how elements of
(the collection of
unitary matrices with determinant
) can be approximated by a small set of “generators”. A classical bit is the basic unit of information used in classical computing, which has the states 1 or 0 [97]. Quantum computing extends this concept using the notion of quantum bits. Dirac notation is used to denote the basic states
and
. Then a quantum bit, or qubit, is a pair of complex numbers
which correspond to the probability of the qubit being in the states
or
. Thus, the quantum bit is represented as . Since and represent the probability of the qubit being in a particular ...