19.1 s-extremal Configurations and Newtonian s-energy19.2 [–1,1]19.2.1 Critical Transition19.2.2 Distribution of s-extremal Configurations19.2.3 Equally Spaced Points for Interpolation19.3 The n-dimensional Sphere, sn Embedded in ℝn+119.3.1 Critical Transition19.4 Torus19.5 Separation Radius and Mesh Norm for s-extremal Configurations19.5.1 Separation Radius of s>n-extremal Configurations on a Set >n-extremal Configurations on a Set Yn19.5.2 Separation Radius of s<n − 1-extremal Configurations on <n − 1-extremal Configurations on Sn19.5.3 Mesh Norm of s-extremal Configurations on a Set Yn19.6 Discrepancy of Measures, Group Invariance19.7 Finite Field Algorithm19.7.1 Examples19.7.2 Spherical -designs19.7.3 Extension to Finite Fields of Odd Prime Powers19.8 Combinatorial Designs, Linearly Independent Vectors, MDS Conjecture19.8.1 The Case q = 219.8.2 The General Case19.8.3 The Maximum Distance Separable Conjecture