
Innovative Deployment ◾ 311
e nite element method and nonstationary analyses were used as convenient
algorithms. e Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equation, Bernoulli’s princi-
ple, and lubrication theory were appropriate theoretical formulas. Accuracy was
ensured, and the time integration method was used to perform calculations in a
realistic time frame. Each of the aforementioned elements was used to construct
the oil seal simulator.
9.2.5.3.2 CAE Qualitative Model of theBasicOilSeal
Lip Structure (Step 4)
9.2.5.3.2.1 CAE Qualitative Model — e visualization experiment yielded
the conditions on the sliding surface of the oil seal lip a