CHAPTER 13
Organisms and Populations
CHAPTER AT A GLANCE
- The study of ecology delves into the relationships between living organisms and their physical surroundings. It primarily centers on four levels of biological organization: organisms, populations, communities, and biomes.
- Ecological Hierarchy: Organism → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Landscape → Biome → Biosphere
Organism and Its Environment
- At the organismic level, ecology delves into physiological ecology, aiming to grasp how organisms adapt to their environments for survival and reproduction. (Figure 13.1)
Figure 13.1 Biome distribution with respect to annual temperature and ...
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