370 Nuclear Forensic Analysis
Although effective protocols have been developed for nuclear ssion and activation
p
roducts
[
68,69],
t
he
c
hief
a
pplications
o
f
C
E
i
n
n
uclear
f
orensic
i
nvestigations
a
re
a
nalyses
o
f
q
uestioned
h
igh
(
HE)-
a
nd
l
ow-explosive
(
LE)
s
amples.
A
s
w
ith
G
C–MS,
e
ntire
t
extbooks
h
ave
b
een
w
ritten
a
bout
C
E,
a
nd
t
he
l
aboratory
s
pecialist
i
s
re
ferred
t
o
t
hem
f
or
i
n-depth
t
reatments
[
70–72].
R
epresentative
e
xamples
o
f
C
E
p
rotocols
f
or
explosives analyses follow.
Anionic
L
E
s
pecies
ca
n
b
e
s
eparated,
i
dentied,
a
nd
q
uantitated
o
n
a
n
u
ncoated,
5
0 cm
×
5
0 µm
i
.d.,
f
used-silica
ca
pillary
c
olumn
at
a
mbient
t
emperature.
T
he
a
pplied potential = 25 kV (negative to positive), and the nominal expected current is
a
pproximately
1
0
µ
A.
T
he ...