As studied in Chapter 2, whenever optical intensity is used for transmission, incoherent coding and detection can be employed. Incoherent coding is also (time) asynchronous in nature. So, pseudo-orthogonal binary (0,1) codes that have close-to-zero periodic cross-correlation functions, such as the 1-D prime codes in Chapter 3, have been designed for asynchronous applications. Multiple access of simultaneous users is supported without the need for waiting, scheduling, or coordination [1–10]. Because nonscheduled transmissions create randomness and may accumulate strong mutual interference, asynchronous coding can only support a limited number of subscribers and even fewer simultaneous users.
In general, due to ...
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