control electronics are expected to consume approximately 128 Watts and occupy
32 60 32 cm
3
space, as opposed to 34 kW, 213 120 91 cm
3
for an elec-
tronic counterpart. Monolithic integration [176] of the optical switch fabric, in
principle, allows even greater reduction of power consumption down to 14 Watts
and physical size to 5 5 10 cm
3
. Recent research activities around the world
[155, 156, 177–180] have involved integration of many functional optical com-
ponents on a chip. Integration of multiple optical components is expected to
reduce size, power consumption, and manufacturing cost, and to improve
reliability.
16.5 SUMMARY
OPS and OBS technologies seek powerful combinations of the vast optical
bandwidth and the agile subwavelength granularity ...