19.2.3 Power
Supplying the immense bandwidth demands of advanced computing systems
typically accomplished via parallelism or bit-slicing techniques is consuming a
rapidly increasing fraction of the power budget [12]. The power expended on
transmission, buffering, and switching of electronic signals grows quadratically
(and in some cases, even cubically) with the data rate [16–18]. Additionally, as
systems become spatially larger, more power is required to overcome the losses in
long transmission lines (cables and backplanes). These losses are overcome by
power hungry methods such as high-amplitude signaling, periodic regeneration,
and sophisticated signal-processing techniques including pre-emphasis or equal-
ization [19]. For next-generation performance ...