Restoring the control file
If you have specified multiple copies of your control file with the initialization parameter CONTROL_FILES, you can restore an individual copy of it by shutting down the database with the SHUTDOWN ABORT command, copying one of your other, undamaged control files to replace the damaged copy, and bringing the database back up.
If a media failure has made the location of the damaged control file unavailable, you follow the same procedure but edit the CONTROL_FILES initialization parameter to reflect the new location while the database is shut down.
If you have to restore a single copy of a control file or if all copies of a multiplexed control file have been damaged, you must perform the following steps:
Shut down the database with the SHUTDOWN ABORT command.
Copy the backup of the control file to the appropriate location.
Mount the database with the STARTUP MOUNT command.
Issue the command:
RECOVER DATABASE USING BACKUP CONTROLFILE;
Apply the archive log files as you are prompted to do so. (See the later RECOVER entry for more information.)
Tip
If an archived log is not available, or if the recovery requires changes from the online redo log and it is not available, you will have to perform an incomplete recovery. To perform an incomplete recovery, add the keywords UNTIL CANCEL to the RECOVER command specified in the previous step.
Open the database and reset the log files with the command:
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
After completing this process, you should immediately ...