Leaders are important for organizations. eir styles, actions, and degrees of e ectiveness
exert a major in uence on subordinates and, ultimately, organizations. However, there are
instances when leaders have little or no in uence on their subordinates’ activities and behav-
iours. In such situations, leaders act as gureheads for their subordinates, having very little
impact on the work process. is can happen in two instances: when the leader is weak and
not able to carry out the responsibilities or when there are factors in the organization that
act as a substitu ...
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