NOTES

Prologue

1. Louis Harris and Associates, A Survey of Leaders on Leadership Development and Empowerment for Black Women, conducted for National Coalition of 100 Black Women, study no. 864010 (New York: Louis Harris and Associates, August 1986), table 26.

2. The percentages total more than 100 percent because the CEOs could choose more than one black female.

3. In February 1988, Black Enterprise Magazine issued its first report on black managers in corporate America. Its list of black managers did not include any black women.

4. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics unpublished data, 1988, 1995, and 1996. This information is updated periodically on the Department of Labor’s Web site at <http://www.dol.gov/dol/wb>.

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