The Seven Moments of Hu
Hu [Hu 62] has defined a set of seven moments that are invariant under the actions of translation, scaling, and rotation. These are
The first six of these moments are also invariant under the action of reflection, while ϕ7 changes sign. The values of these quantities can be quite different. In practice, in order to avoid precision problems, the logarithms of their absolute values are usually used as features. A number of other moment-based features that are invariant to more general transformations have also been proposed [Reis 91, Flus 93, Flus 94]. The case of moment invariants in the general l-dimensional space is treated ...
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