Plasma Diagnostics
2.1 Langmuir probes
Probe diagnostics is probably the simplest, most reliable, and widely used technique to measure plasma parameters. Probes or Langmuir probes are widely used for almost a century in various plasma conditions. Probe diagnostics is very well established although there is no general approach for all possible conditions and there are limitations for probe applications in some settings such as magnetic field, collision-dominated conditions, and transient plasmas.
We will start with considering probe in stationary plasma without a magnetic field. Presence of the probe in plasma leads to perturbation due to particle flux originated from the plasma and recombination on the surface. The particle flux to the ...
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