Privacy in location-based services is often viewed as reaching a desirable trade-off between performance and a user's privacy; the more privacy provided, the less likely it is that the service can function as it would under a no-privacy scheme, or without suffering alterations in their architecture or application layer. As LBS offers a great variety of ever-changing features that keep up with users' needs while making use of the latest available technologies and adjusting to social behavior, they provide a similar scenario to LPPMs that aims to cover these services.
In the case of proactive location-based services (PLBS), where users are constantly reporting their location [4], the purpose of LPPMs is to alter the route ...
