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Chapter 16
examinations often report a person's percentile score based on national
results. If the CIA converted a person's grade-point average to a rank
based on averages of high school students across the country, informa-
tion of a very different sort would be presented to the neural network.
Something would have been lost, and something gained. The position
of the student relative to his or her peers would be gone. The student
might have a national ranking in the 80th percentile. If his or her
classmates all ranked in the 80s, he or she is at the bottom of his or
her class. If they all ranked in the 70s, he or she is at the top of hi ...