Objective-and-task method, budgeting, 414–415
Objectives
determine competitors’, 521
goals and, setting company, 42
marketing plan, 57
Observational research, 109–110
Obsolescence, planned, 578–579
Occasions segmentation, 192
Occupation, as consumer buyer behavior, 143
Offer
perceived value of, 322
service, 238
Off-invoice trade promotions, 476
Off-list trade promotions, 476
Off-price retailers, 370, 372
Oligopolistic markets, 297, 298
Omni-channel buyers, 368
Omni-channel retailing, 369, 383–385, 492
Online advertising, 433, 493–494
Online and digital security, 508
Online behavior, 113–114
Online catalogs, 505
Online display ads, 493–494
Online dynamic pricing, 316–318
Online focus groups, 113
Online marketing, 22–23, 490, 492–493. See also ...