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Green Carbon
Nanomaterials
From Biomass to Carbon
Maria-Magdalena Titirici
2.1 INTRODUCTION
In the early part of the 20th century, many industrialized materials such as sol-
vents, fuels, synthetic bers, and chemical products were made from plant/crop-
based resources (Figure 2.1) [1,2]. Unfortunately, this is no longer the case and
most of today’s industrial materials including fuels, polymers, chemicals, carbons,
pharmaceuticals, packing, construction, and many others are being manufactured
from fossil-based resources. Humankind is still living in a world where petroleum
resources have the absolute power. However, crude oil resources are rapi ...