1.4.1.3. External Mass Transfer
Liquid mass transfer or convection coefficient is a flow dependent parameter, which is evaluated by use of empirical and semiempirical correlations. One of the most well-known correlations for use in water treatment situations is the following (Chern and Chien, 2002):

Sh=(2+0.644Re1/2Sc1/3)[1+1.5(1ε)]

image (59)

In the adsorption processes for wastewater treatment by use of granular activated carbon the Williamson correlation is proposed (Crittenden et al., 1987):

kf=2.4usSc0.58Re0.66

image (60)

Kataoka correlation has been used in ...

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