Public-key Cryptography: Theory and Practice

Notations

Any time you are stuck on a problem, introduce more notation.

—Chris Skinner [Plenary Lecture, Aug 1997, Topics in Number Theory, Penn State]

General
|a|	absolute value of real number a
min S	minimum of elements of set S
max S	maximum of elements of set S
exp(a)	ea, where
log x	logarithm of x with respect to some unspecified base (like 10)
ln x	loge x, where
lg x	log2 x
logk x	(log x)k (similarly, lnk x = (ln x)k and lgk x = (lg x)k)
:=	is defined as (or “is assigned the value” in code snippets)
i
complex conjugate (x – iy) of the complex number z = x