Radio Propagation for Modern Wireless Systems

Chapter 6Propagation in the Presence of Buildings on Flat Terrain

In this chapter we integrate the propagation, reflection, and diffraction concepts of the previous chapters in order to understand and predict the path loss characteristics that have been observed over large portions of metropolitan regions. The goal here is to predict the range dependence for outdoor propagation and show how it depends on the system parameters, such as frequency and antenna height, and on the geometry of the builtup environment. In trying to understand and model propagation over builtup regions, it is first necessary to identify the features of the environment that are significant for radio propagation, especially the size and organization of the buildings.