Preparedness, Preventive, and Defensive Measures ◾ 351
8.8.3 System Protection Interoperability for
Road, Highway, and Rail Tunnels
Tunnel system safety approach is the comprehensive employment of technology,
engineering, risk management, and management tools to identify, analyze, and
control threats within a designated amount of resources and time. ese integrate
all components as follows:
◾ Risk management—provides measurement and avoidance of risk, as well as
risk management
◾ Directive and policy—provide guidance to system operation
◾ Manpower mobilization—ensures mobilization of tunnel personnel, the pub-
lic, emergency responders, and vendors for operation, improvement, and
maintenance
◾ Operating procedures—maintain routine operating ...