Safety Design for Space Systems

Safety Design for Space Systems

by Gary Eugene Musgrave, Axel Larsen, Tommaso Sgobba
Released March 2009
Publisher(s): Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 9780080559223

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Book description

Progress in space safety lies in the acceptance of safety design and engineering as an integral part of the design and implementation process for new space systems. Safety must be seen as the principle design driver of utmost importance from the outset of the design process, which is only achieved through a culture change that moves all stakeholders toward front-end loaded safety concepts. This approach entails a common understanding and mastering of basic principles of safety design for space systems at all levels of the program organisation. Fully supported by the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS), written by the leading figures in the industry, with frontline experience from projects ranging from the Apollo missions, Skylab, the Space Shuttle and the International Space Station, this book provides a comprehensive reference for aerospace engineers in industry. It addresses each of the key elements that impact on space systems safety, including: the space environment (natural and induced); human physiology in space; human rating factors; emergency capabilities; launch propellants and oxidizer systems; life support systems; battery and fuel cell safety; nuclear power generators (NPG) safety; habitat activities; fire protection; safety-critical software development; collision avoidance systems design; operations and on-orbit maintenance.
  • The only comprehensive space systems safety reference, its must-have status within space agencies and suppliers, technical and aerospace libraries is practically guaranteed
  • Written by the leading figures in the industry from NASA, ESA, JAXA, (et cetera), with frontline experience from projects ranging from the Apollo missions, Skylab, the Space Shuttle, small and large satellite systems, and the International Space Station
  • Superb quality information for engineers, programme managers, suppliers and aerospace technologists; fully supported by the IAASS (International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety)

Table of contents

  1. Cover image
  2. Table of Contents
  3. Copyright
  4. Preface
  5. Introduction
  6. About the Editors
  7. About the Contributors
  8. Chapter 1. Introduction to Space Safety
  9. 1.1. Nasa and Safety
  10. 1.2. Definition of Safety and Risk
  11. 1.3. Managing Safety and Risk
  12. 1.4. The Book
  13. Chapter 2. The Space Environment
  40. Chapter 3. Overview of Bioastronautics
  41. 3.1. Space Physiology
  42. 3.2. Short and Long Duration Mission Effects
  43. 3.3. Health Maintenance
  44. 3.4. Crew Survival
  45. 3.5. Conclusion
  46. Chapter 4. Basic Principles of Space Safety
  47. 4.1. The Cause of Accidents
  48. 4.2. Principles and Methods
  49. 4.3. The Safety Review Process
  50. Chapter 5. Human Rating Concepts
  51. 5.1. Human Rating Defined
  52. 5.2. Human Rating Requirements and Approaches
  53. Chapter 6. Life Support Systems Safety
  54. 6.1. Atmospheric Conditioning and Control
  55. 6.2. Trace Contaminant Control
  56. 6.3. Assessment of Water Quality in the Spacecraft Environment: Mitigating Health and Safety Concerns
  57. 6.4. Waste Management
  58. 6.5. Summary of Life Support Systems
  59. Chapter 7. Emergency Systems
  60. 7.1. Space Rescue
  61. 7.2. Personal Protective Equipment
  62. Chapter 8. Collision Avoidance Systems
  63. 8.1. Docking Systems and Operations
  64. 8.2. Descent and Landing Systems
  65. Chapter 9. Robotic Systems Safety
  66. 9.1. Generic Robotic Systems
  67. 9.2. Space Robotics Overview
  68. 9.3. Identification of Hazards and their Causes
  69. 9.4. Hazard Mitigation in Design
  70. 9.5. Hazard Mitigation through Training
  71. 9.6. Hazard Mitigation for Operations
  72. 9.7. Case Study: Understanding Canadarm2 and Space Safety
  73. 9.8. Summary
  74. Chapter 10. Meteoroid and Debris Protection
  75. 10.1. Risk Control Measures
  76. 10.2. Emergency Repair Considerations for Spacecraft Pressure Wall Damage
  77. Chapter 11. Noise Control Design
  78. 11.1. Introduction
  79. 11.2. Noise Control Plan
  80. 11.3. Noise Control Design Applications
  81. 11.4. Conclusions and Recommendations
  82. Chapter 12. Materials Safety
  83. 12.1. Toxic Offgassing
  84. 12.2. Stress-Corrosion Cracking
  85. 12.3. Conclusions
  86. Chapter 13. Oxygen Systems Safety
  87. 13.1. Oxygen Pressure System Design
  88. 13.2. Oxygen Generators
  89. Chapter 14. Avionics Safety
  90. Chapter 15. Software System Safety
  91. 15.1. Introduction
  92. 15.2. The Software Safety Problem
  93. 15.3. Current Practice
  94. 15.4. Best Practice
  95. 15.5. Summary
  96. Chapter 16. Battery Safety
  97. 16.1. Introduction
  98. 16.2. General Design And Safety Guidelines
  99. 16.3. Battery Types
  100. 16.4. Battery Models
  101. 16.5. Hazard and Toxicity Categorization
  102. 16.6. Battery Chemistry
  103. 16.7. Storage, Transportation, and Handling
  104. Chapter 17. Mechanical Systems Safety
  105. Chapter 18. Containment of Hazardous Materials
  106. 18.1. Toxic Materials
  107. 18.2. Biohazardous Materials
  108. 18.3. Shatterable Materials
  109. 18.4. Containment Design Approach
  110. 18.5. Containment Design Methods
  111. 18.6. Safety Controls
  112. 18.7. Safety Verifications
  113. 18.8. Conclusions
  114. Chapter 19. Failure Tolerance Design
  115. 19.1. Safe
  116. 19.2. Hazard
  117. 19.3. Hazardous Functions
  118. 19.4. Design for Minimum Risk
  119. 19.5. Conclusions
  120. Chapter 20. Propellant Systems Safety
  121. 20.1. Solid Propellant Propulsion Systems Safety
  122. 20.2. Liquid Propellant Propulsion Systems Safety
  123. 20.3. Hypergolic Propellants
  124. 20.4. Propellant Fire
  125. Chapter 21. Pyrotechnic Safety
  126. 21.1. Pyrotechnic Devices
  127. 21.2. Electroexplosive Devices
  128. Chapter 22. Extravehicular Activity Safety
  129. 22.1. Extravehicular Activity Environment
  130. 22.2. Suit Hazards
  131. 22.3. Crew Hazards
  132. 22.4. Conclusions
  133. Chapter 23. Emergency, Caution, and Warning System
  134. 23.1. System Overview
  135. 23.2. Historic Nasa Emergency, Caution, and Warning Systems
  136. 23.3. Emergency, Caution, and Warning System Measures
  137. 23.4. Failure Isolation and Recovery
  138. Chapter 24. Laser Safety
  139. 24.1. Background
  140. 24.2. Laser Characteristics
  141. 24.3. Laser Standards
  142. 24.4. Lasers Used in Space
  143. 24.5. Design Considerations for Laser Safety
  144. 24.6. Conclusions
  145. Chapter 25. Crew Training Safety
  146. 25.1. Training the Crew for Safety
  147. 25.2. Safety During Training
  148. 25.3. Training Development and Validation Process
  149. 25.4. Conclusions
  150. Chapter 26. Safety Considerations for the Ground Environment
  151. 26.1. A Word about Ground Support Equipment
  152. 26.2. Documentation and Reviews
  153. 26.3. Roles and Responsibilities
  154. 26.4. Contingency Planning
  155. 26.5. Failure Tolerance
  156. 26.6. Training
  157. 26.7. Hazardous Operations
  158. 26.8. Tools
  159. 26.9. Human Factors
  160. 26.10. Biological Systems and Materials
  161. 26.11. Electrical
  162. 26.12. Radiation
  163. 26.13. Pressure Systems
  164. 26.14. Ordinance
  165. 26.15. Mechanical and Electromechanical Devices
  166. 26.16. Propellants
  167. 26.17. Cryogenics
  168. 26.18. Oxygen
  169. 26.19. Ground Handling
  170. 26.20. Software Safety
  171. 26.21. Summary
  172. Chapter 27. Fire Safety
  173. 27.1. Characteristics of Fire in Space
  174. 27.2. Design for Fire Prevention
  175. 27.3. Spacecraft Fire Detection
  176. 27.4. Spacecraft Fire Suppression
  177. Chapter 28. Safe Without Services Design
  178. Chapter 29. Probabilistic Risk Assessment with Emphasis on Design
  179. 29.1. Basic Elements of Probabilistic Risk Assessment
  180. 29.2. Construction of a Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Design Evaluations
  181. 29.3. Relative Risk Evaluations
  182. 29.4. Evaluations of the Relative Risks of Alternative Designs
  183. Index

Product information

  • Title: Safety Design for Space Systems
  • Author(s): Gary Eugene Musgrave, Axel Larsen, Tommaso Sgobba
  • Release date: March 2009
  • Publisher(s): Butterworth-Heinemann
  • ISBN: 9780080559223