SAS 9.4 SQL Procedure User's Guide, Fourth Edition, 4th Edition

SQLXRC macro variable 164

statistical functions 389

statistical summaries 56, 360

statistics

based on number of arguments 362

STIMER option 230

timing SQL procedure 140

STOPONTRUNC option 230

string comparison operators

truncated 354

Structured Query Language

See SQL

subqueries 96, 354

combining with joins 101

compared with joins 341

comparing with joins 143

correlated 357

correlated subqueries 98

efficiency and 358

multiple nesting levels 100

multiple-value 97

returning rows 325

single-value 96

testing for existence of a group of

values 99

when to use 102

subsetting data 262, 265

SUBSTRING function 359

subtotals

computing percentages within 185

SUM function

summarizing data 58

summarizing data 56

aggregate functions 56

aggregate functions with unique values

61

aggregate functions, using 56

combining data from multiple rows into

single row 59

displaying sums 58

in multiple columns 192

remerging summary statistics 59

SQL procedure 361

with missing values 62

with WHERE clause 57

summary functions

See also aggregate functions

disabling remerging of data 146

summary reports

creating 194

summary statistics

remerging 59

summary-function component 360

counting rows 362

remerging data 363

statistics based on number of arguments

362

summarizing data 361

sums

displaying 58

syntax checking 139

SYS_SQLSETLIMIT macro variable 385

T

table aliases 262, 329

abbreviating column names 76

inner joins 76

table definitions 247

table expressions 344

table-expression component 368

tables 4

See also PROC SQL tables

Cartesian product 75

comparing 180

copying 115

counting duplicate rows 187

creating 112

creating from column definitions 112

creating from query results 113

creating with data set options 115

creating with macros 161

creating without rows 112

creating, like an existing table 115

DBMS tables 4

deleting 128

example tables 7

expanding hierarchical data 189

inserting rows 116

integrity constraints 129

joining a table to itself 83

omitting ORDER BY clause when

creating 143

selecting all columns 22

selecting columns 22

selecting specific columns 23

SQL tables in other procedures 208

SQL tables in SAS 128

structure of 27

temporary tables versus in-line views

143

update errors 122

updating all rows with same expression

120

updating conditionally 200

updating rows with different

expressions 121

updating values 120

updating with values from another table

203

temporary tables

Index 467