When the number of treatments is large, an incomplete block design structure is the most efficient way to carry out the experiment. When an incomplete block design is used, some information about the treatment comparisons is confounded with blocks. If the design is carried out in sets of blocks with complete replication of the treatment combinations within each set of blocks, you can construct the blocks so that the same effect or effects are confounded with blocks within each replication. Such a design is a type of split plot: the confounded effects are the whole-plot comparisons and the other effects are the ...

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