Dynamic errors, an important aspect in digital simulation of dynamic systems, are introduced. Instead of focusing on truncation errors, the simulationist may be more concerned with errors in dynamic response, a yardstick of simulation accuracy involving comparisons of transient and sinusoidal responses of continuous-time and discrete-time models.
The subject of dynamic errors has been covered in great detail by Howe (1986). The commonly used numerical integrators are analyzed by considering the characteristic roots, magnitude, and phase properties of the “equivalent continuous-time system,” that is, the continuous-time system whose sampled values coincide with the discrete-time (simulated) system ...
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