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Implementation and
Performance Analysis of
EM-Based Underwater Sensor
Networks in QualNet
Jun Li, Mathieu Déziel, Mylène Toulgoat, and Simon Perras
ABSTRACT
Wireless communications and networking based on electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation is con-
sidered as an alternative to acoustic communications in seawater. Compared to acoustic waves, EM
communications for underwater sensing applications are less susceptible to multipath distortion and envi-
ronmental noise. Key factors affecting the performance of EM-based underwater networks include EM
channel characteristics and protocols in the upper layers (e.g., the media access control [MAC] lay ...