4Renewable Energy, Distributed Generation in Smart Grids
4.1 Introduction
Economic, technological and environmental incentives and issues are changing the face of the electricity generation and transmission. Centralized energy generation structures, needing very complex and bulk power networks to produce and to transfer energy to the consumers, have high investment, operation and maintenance costs, while the overall system efficiency is low due to the large losses in these networks and systems. At the same time, the existing electricity and energy infrastructures are becoming older, and in addition, there are new energy supply security and environmental issues with the construction of new network components (e.g. ...
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