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Chapter 2
Software Development
C
from a tedious process mired in machine
instruction addresses to a high-level description of executable tasks.
At the lowest level, soware execution may be viewed as fetching, evalu-
ating, modifying, and storing data. To understand implementation and
its costs, we rst examine soware execution at the machine level. en
we trace the progression of soware development as it relies on operating
systems, and soware tools, primarily compilers. A short summary of the
evolution of programming languages illustrates the importance of so-
ware design and the appropriate modeling of data through abst ...