Chapter 3Space Modulation Transmission and Reception Techniques
In this chapter, the different space modulation techniques (SMTs) available in literature will be discussed. These include space shift keying (SSK) [89], generalized space shift keying (GSSK) [69], spatial modulation (SM) [37], generalized spatial modulation (GSM) [67], quadrature space shift keying (QSSK) [65], quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) [65], generalized quadrature space shift keying (GQSSK), generalized quadrature spatial modulation (GQSM) and the advanced SMTs including differential space shift keying (DSSK), differential spatial modulation (DSM) [63], differential quadrature spatial modulation (DQSM) [153], space–time shift keying (STSK) [78], and trellis coded spatial modulation (TCSM) [154] systems.
SMTs are unique multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) transmission schemes that utilize the differences among different channel paths to convey additional information bits. In such systems, one or more of the available transmit antennas at the transmitter are activated at one particular time instant and all other antennas are turned off. The channel path from each transmit antenna to all receive antennas denotes a spatial constellation symbol denoted by 
or 
in this book, where denotes the spatial constellation ...
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