Space Modulation Techniques

Chapter 4Average Bit Error Probability Analysis for SMTs

In this chapter, average bit error ratio (ABER) performance analysis for the different space modulation techniques (SMTs) discussed in previous chapter is presented. First, the ABER is computed for space shift keying (SSK), spatial modulation (SM), quadrature space shift keying (QSSK), and quadrature spatial modulation (QSM) over Rayleigh flat fading channels. Detailed derivation of the error probability is presented. As well, asymptotic analysis at high, but pragmatic, signal‐to‐noise‐ratio (SNR) values are also given for all schemes. Second, the average and asymptotic error probabilities for these schemes in the presence of Gaussian imperfect channel estimation and over Rayleigh fading channels are discussed and derived [52, 65, 68, 188]. Finally, a general framework for the performance analysis of the different SMTs over arbitrary fading channels, in the presence of spatial correlation and imperfect channel estimation, is derived and thoroughly discussed [46, 48, 72–75, 189].

4.1 Average Error Probability over Rayleigh Fading Channels

The derivation of the average error probability for SMTs can be computed by deriving the pairwise error probability (PEP). The PEP is defined as the error probability that a transmitted spatial and signal symbols, and , are received as another spatial and signal symbols, and , respectively, ...