
Hypothesis Tests and Simulation Envelopes 379
data: data from fit2e
X2 = 500, df = 5, p-value <2e-16
alternative hypothesis: two.sided
Notice that the degrees of freedom for X
2
are m − p = 4 ×2 −3 = 5.
666 677 130 481
544 165 643 298
582.2 556.4 303.6 389.9
474.7 529.8 482.4 284.9
3.5 5.1
−10
4.6
3.2
−16
7.3 0.78
Figure 10.2. Plot of quadrat counting test of fitted log-quadratic model for Beilschmiedia data,
superimposed on the original point pattern.
If (as in this case) the formal goo dness-of-fit test rejects the fitted model, we would then like to
understand in what way the data d o not conform to the predictions of the model. Figure 10.2 shows
the result of