Appendix C. SQL Syntax Summary
This appendix contains a summary of SQL syntax used throughout this book. The first table (Table C.1) describes SQL statements, arranged alphabetically command. The notation is as follows:
◊ Keywords that must be typed exactly as they appear are in uppercase characters, such as REFERENCES.
◊ Parts of commands that are determined by the user appear in italics and name the item that must be supplied, such as table_name.
◊ Optional portions of a command are surrounded by brackets ([ and ]).
◊ Portions of commands that form a single clause are grouped within braces ({ and }).
◊ Sets of options from which you choose one or more are separated by vertical lines (|).
◊ Portions of commands that may be repeated as needed are followed ...

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