9Naval Applications of Structural Adhesives
Bikash Chandra Chakraborty
Naval Materials Research Laboratory, Defense Research and Development Organization, Ambernath, India
Abstract
Adhesives for naval vessels are increasingly being used for reduction of weight arising from metal work and for the development of multilayer elements for both load-bearing and vibro-acoustic damping application. Some examples of adhesive application in naval vessels are gaskets of doors, hatches and domes, base frames of machines, joining Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) elements of superstructures, aluminum-FRP bonded panels, acoustic enclosures, underwater acoustic tiles, pipe coatings, etc. Apart from the inherent strength and adhesive bond strength, the naval adhesives are required to be qualified for resistance to seawater, and in some special applications resistance to hydrocarbon oils and dilute mineral acids. Among all evaluations, most common is the diffusion phenomenon by water and electrolyte molecules. This chapter briefly describes different adhesives, especially based on toughened epoxy resin, their seawater ageing, and degradation of mechanical properties with some examples. Special application of adhesive-sealant combination is discussed in brief for both underwater acoustic lining and acid-resistant rubber lining of submarines. Two common diffusion models such as Fickian and dual-Fickian are discussed here with examples of two adhesive plaques, one with neat epoxy and the other with ...
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