Sustainable Agriculture Systems and Technologies

8Aquaculture Resources and Practices in a Changing Environment

Shib Kinkar Das¹, Amit Mandal², and Sachin Onkar Khairnar²

¹Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences (WBUAFS), Kolkata, India

²Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana, Punjab, India

CONTENTS

1. 8.1 Introduction
2. 8.2 Aquaculture Resources and Production
3. 8.3 Aquaculture–Environmental Interaction and Conservation
4. 8.4 Climate Change and Aquaculture
5. 8.5 COVID‐19 and Aquaculture
6. 8.6 Adaptive Measures
   1. 8.6.1 Horizontal Expansion: Use of Untapped Resources
      1. 8.6.1.1 Aquaculture Potential in Abundant Open Cast Coal Mines
      2. 8.6.1.2 Potential of Aquaculture in Undrainable Village Pond
      3. 8.6.1.3 Potential of Aquaculture in Inland Saline Water
   2. 8.6.2 Vertical Expansion: Species and Culture Diversification
7. 8.7 Application of Modern Technologies
   1. 8.7.1 Cluster Aquaculture
   2. 8.7.2 Flow Through Aquaculture
   3. 8.7.3 Recirculatory Aquaculture System (RAS)
   4. 8.7.4 Aquaponics
   5. 8.7.5 Biofloc Technology (BFT)
   6. 8.7.6 Integrated Multi‐Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA)
8. 8.8 Strategies
9. 8.9 Conclusion
10. References

8.1 Introduction

Toward providing nutrition to the 3.3 billion populations globally, aquaculture has established itself as the fastest evolving natural food producing and entrepreneurial sector as well with annual growth rate of 5.3%. This is more so in the developing countries in the tropics ...