Technique of Film Editing, Reissue of 2nd Edition, 2nd Edition

335

Glossary of Terms

D

DAILIES. See RUSHES.

DEPTH OF FIELD. Distance between the nearest and farthest points from the camera at which the subject is

acceptably sharp.

DIRECT CINEMA. See CINÉMA-VÉRITÉ.

DISSOLVE. Gradual merging of the end of one shot into the beginning of the next, produced by the super-

imposition of a fade-out on to a fade-in of equal length.

DOLLY. Vehicle on which the camera and cameraman can be wheeled about during a take.

DOLLY SHOT. Shot taken while the camera is in motion on a dolly.

DUB. 1. To re-record the sound-track of a fi lm, substituting for the speech of the language originally used, a

spoken translation in some other language. 2. To re-record (q.v.).

DUPE. To print a duplicate negative from a positive.

DUPE NEGATIVE. Negative made from a positive print; negative which is not the original negative.

DUPING PRINT. Special soft print (lavender or fi ne grain) made from an original negative so that a dupe

negative can subsequently be made from it.

E

EDITOLA. Trade name of one model of editing machine.

EFFECTS TRACK. Sound-track of sound effects other than speech and music.

ESTABLISHING SHOT. Shot (usually long shot) used near the beginning of a scene to establish the inter-

relationship of details to be shown subsequently in nearer shots.

F

FADE-IN. 1. ( n. ) Beginning of a shot which starts in darkness and gradually lightens to full brightness.

2. ( v .) To bring up sound volume from inaudability to required volume.

FADE-OUT. Opposite of FADE-IN.

FLASHBACK. Sequence in a fi lm which takes the action of the story into the past; used either as a reminder

to the audience of an earlier event or to indicate the recollections of one of the characters.

FOCUS PULL. To re-focus the lens during a shot so that a part of the image farther from or nearer to the cam-

era is brought into sharp focus, so allowing the fi rst subject to go “ soft. ”

FOOTAGE. Length of a fi lm measured in feet.

FRAME. One single transparent photograph of the series printed on a length of cinematograph fi lm.

FREEZE-FRAME. At a chosen point in a scene a particular frame is printed repeatedly, so giving the effect

of arresting, “ freezing ” the action.