
160 n The Art of Software Modeling
position and shape throughout all views that utilize that element. is invariance
is of great aid to the viewer because it reduces the need to “reacquire” the iconic
meaning each time the element is countered.
e Principle of Closure (Figure 11-9) states that overlapping objects will be
perceived as simple, complete objects rather than broken shapes. is is important
in diagramming because perceived elements are preferred as uniform closed shapes
rather than open, irregular shapes.
e Gestalt principles will be encountered frequently as we move into a detailed
discussion of diagram balance, composition, and ...