IN CONTEXT
The rise of Islam
c.550 ce Fall of the Himyarite Kingdom in southern Arabia.
570 Birth of Muhammad.
611 Persian Shah Khusrau conquers the Byzantines in Egypt, Palestine, and Syria.
622 Muhammad and his followers flee Mecca and take up residence in Medina.
637 Muslim army captures Jerusalem after a siege.
640 Muslim general Amr ibn al-As conquers Egypt.
661 Umayyad caliphate established by Muawiya at Damascus, Syria.
711 Muslim armies cross into Spain and conquer the Christian Visigothic kingdom.
Around 610 ce, in a cave in the hills above the town of Mecca, central Arabia, Muhammad—a 40-year-old man from a merchant family—declared ...
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