If custom development creates this disconnect, buying a pack-
aged enterprise system as in Phase 2 of Figure 4.3 creates different
but equally difficult problems. In opting for a packaged solution,
managers need to accept the level of visibility provided by the re-
spective vendor and lose the capacity to change the processes.
While there are some rapid development methodologies that al-
low managers to view prototypes of the system, managers often do
not get to experience the actual system. In addition, rigid user in-
terfaces in some packages do little to invite managers to use the
system. It is not surprising that these large systems are often used ...