
e No. 1 Root Cause • 89
WHITE SPACE
Most disruptions to ow cannot be seen from a vertical perspective.
Andy learned that in my classroom and he also learned that in contem-
porary business structures; it has proved to be more dicult than most
can handle. e term white space, coined by the late Geary Rummler, is
the system, the connections that ow between parts, not the parts that
are important. We pay attention to the wrong parts—the boxes, not the
white space.
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We have to learn to look at the white space. is is where
signicant improvement can be achieved and sustained over time.
Rummler’s term white space and its companion, waste, go ha ...