CHAPTER 3

Leaders and Structure

Management Style

The success of organizations is critically dependent on the presence of an effective leader. Significant research effort has been expended on seeking to identify the behavioral traits that can distinguish between effective and ineffective leaders. Unfortunately, the outcome of this type of research is that, although important leadership traits have been identified, it has not proved possible to specify a universal model upon which to determine the overall effectiveness. This is because individuals have been found to exhibit different traits, but remain effective (Gehring 2007).

One solution to this dilemma has been to focus on the more generic issues of attitudes and behaviors as the basis for ...

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